Self-Assessment of Communication Skills Preparedness: Adult Versus Pediatric Skills

Abstract

To characterize and compare incoming residents' self-reported 1) amount and sufficiency of medical school training in clinical communication for patients of different ages, and 2) training experience and anticipated comfort level when breaking news of serious diagnoses with patients of different ages. A self-assessment tool was voluntarily completed by residents entering Brown- and Dartmouth-affiliated residencies. Descriptive statistics were generated and 2-tailed t tests were used to compare mean responses for patient age categories within each area of questioning. A total of 143 (78%) of 184 residents completed self-assessments. Estimates of training time with adult patients were greater than any other patient age category and were rated most sufficient. Twelve percent and 11% of respondents reported no formal training in pediatric and adolescent skills, respectively, and more than half reported that they had never observed a pediatric or adolescent "bad news" interaction. Half of the respondents had personally informed a patient or family of a serious diagnosis, most often concerning middle-aged or elderly patients. Respondents anticipated greatest discomfort discussing serious illness in younger patients and least discomfort discussing serious illness in adult and elderly patients. Residents feel less prepared for and receive less training in general communication skills, particularly skills required for delivering bad news, in pediatric clinical interactions as compared with interactions with adult patients. Additional formalized training in communication skills and strategies for breaking bad news to pediatric and adolescent patients may be warranted.