Abstract
Fabrication of supercapacitor devices with the carbon cloth supported W2N@carbon ultrathin layer core-shell structures (W2N@C CS/carbon cloth) were realized by aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition (AACVD) followed by an ammonia annealing process. The representative electrodes delivered excellent areal specific capacitance of 693.0 mF cm-2 at 5mVs-1 in a three electrode testing system, good rate capability of ~ 78% retention when the scan rate increased 10 times and superior cycling stability with ~ 91% capacitance retention after 20,000 cycles. The self-standing electrodes were manufactured for flexible asymmetric supercapacitors and assembled into coin cells with ionic electrolyte for high working voltage applications. The primary origins for the outperformance of W2N over WO3-x in acid aqueous electrolytes are uncovered by electrochemical analysis, simulation work and in-situ transmission electron microscope (TEM). This discovery paved the way of exploring and designing advanced metal nitride electrode materials for supercapacitors.
Highlights
As promising energy storage devices, supercapacitors, in particular pseudocapacitors, can provide higher power densities than most of the batteries [1]
It is worth mentioning that there are few works that relate to tungsten nitride materials for energy storage applications [11] and no report has so far uncovered the origin of its high pseudocapacitive performance
The uniform coating on hard, soft and porous substrates indicated that aerosol-assisted chemical vapour deposition (AACVD) is a powerful technique for the fabrication of nanostructure film on various substrates
Summary
As promising energy storage devices, supercapacitors, in particular pseudocapacitors, can provide higher power densities than most of the batteries [1]. Among all the reported metal oxides/nitrides materials in energy storage applications, tungsten-based electrodes have a series of inherent advantages, such as relatively low toxicity and cost, high theoretical specific capacitance and high stability [5,7,8].
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