Self-propagating synthesis and characterization of Ca1−xZr1−xNd2xTi2O7 using CuO as the oxidant

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Zirconolite-rich composite was rapidly synthesized from self-propagating plus quick pressing using CuO as the oxidant. As the surrogate of trivalent actinides, Nd2O3 was introduced to equally substitute the Ca and Zr sites of zirconolite (nominally Ca1−xZr1−xNd2xTi2O7). The original 2M-zirconolite transforms to identically structured Nd-bearing calcium zirconium titanium oxide (CZTO) after Nd2O3 addition. Nd mostly substitutes the Ca sites of CZTO and perovskite. The aqueous durability of Nd-bearing waste form (CN-3) was evaluated. The normalized leaching rates (42d) of Ca, Cu and Nd are in low values of 0.6, 3.3×10−4 and 1.6×10−5gm−2d−1.