Self-Isolation of Faulted Section from Closed loop Distribution System Using HHO for WSN-Based Smart Grids

Abstract

Raining, fog, lightning, insulation failure and short circuit are the major reason for fault occurrence in smart grids of distribution systems. This work arranges the distribution system as a radial network (closed loop structure). Generally, the radial network is suffered from both transient and permanent faults. This work uses the harris hawks optimization (HHO) algorithm to find and isolate such faults. Self-isolation separates faulted sections from the distribution system to provide a nonstop power supply. Accurate self-identification and permanent isolation of faulty sections are the main objective functions of HHO, which reduces the complexity and energy loss of the self-isolation process. The harris hawks optimized self-isolation (HHOSI) algorithm continuously monitors the smart grid relays, switches and circuit breakers through a wireless sensor network (WSN) to identify the faulty part. The proposed algorithm is implemented in the MATLAB platform and analyzed the performance of a self-isolation scheme for 5 minutes. As a result, the proposed method attains 32.38% performance improvement over AEC and 18.06% over the LO-ADI method.