Self-heating evaluation of superparamagnetic MnFe2O4 nanoparticles for magnetic fluid hyperthermia application towards cancer treatment

Abstract

In the vision of hyperthermia application, high quality superparamagnetic MnFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthesized via low cost and environment-friendly co-precipitation method. Thermogravimetric and differential thermal analysis studies confirmed the ferritization temperature at 900 °C. The formation of crystals with a single-phase cubic spinel structure with the Fd3m space group has been confirmed by XRD analysis. SEM-EDX result reveals that the spherical nature of grains with some agglomeration and elemental analysis helps to calculate the atomic percentage of each detected element. An average particle size (~25 nm) was determined by TEM analysis. VSM analysis shows that saturation magnetization (Ms) increases with decreasing temperature in the range 54.18–59.67emu/g at room temperature (300K) to low temperature (5K), respectively, which displays temperature change affects the saturation magnetization and coercivity. FC-ZFC measurements indicated a blocking temperature of NPs around 97.17K. The induction heating study was performed on MnFe2O4 magnetic NPs at 4 kA/m AC magnetic field amplitude and 280 kHz frequency for application in magnetic hyperthermia. The result demonstrates that the heating ability of MnFe2O4 magnetic NPs can be achieved hyperthermia temperature (42 °C) at small content of 0.4 g/mL within 260sec-time duration, which confirms that the prepared material can be used as a heating agent in magnetic hyperthermic treatment. The specific absorption rate (SAR) was found at 217.62 W/g, the obtained result is superior to the previous reports. The obtained results show that the newly synthesized superparamagnetic NPs can act as a promising candidate for hyperthermia therapy due to its high heat-generating capability at lower concentrations with less time period.