Investigation on the physico-chemical properties, hyperthermia and cytotoxicity study of magnesium doped manganese ferrite nanoparticles

Abstract

The superparamagnetic nanoparticles (SPNPs) should be chemically stable and biocompatibility for magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) application. Cubic spinel structured MgFe2O4 and MnFe2O4 NPs were well studied for catalytic and sensor applications by employing their semiconducting property. Here we explore the biocompatible and soft magnetic properties of these ferrites for MHT application. Narrow size distributed Mn1-xMgxFe2O4 (x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.4 & 0.5) NPs with average crystallite size of 12 nm were synthesized by solvothermal reflux method. All compounds were crystallined in cubic spinel structure and were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, electron diffraction, high-resolution lattice fringe profiles, and infrared spectrum. Energy dispersive, photoelectron spectroscopy, and elemental mapping studies revealed that the compounds have chemical stoichiometry close to the target composition. Thermal analysis shows that the spinel compounds are thermally stable even above 800 °C. All compounds show superparamagnetic (SP) nature at room temperature and show a decrease of saturation magnetization (Ms) after substituting x = 0.3 concentration with increases of substituent Mg2+ concentration in the MnFe2O4. The x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.4 & 0.5 samples show MHT specific absorption rate (SAR) of 63.67, 108.37, 97.58, & 45.08 Wg-1 at 1 mg/mL, respectively. The decrease in SAR values is attributed to reduced magnetic moments and spin relaxation. Furthermore, monosize characteristics of Mn1-xMgxFe2O4 (x = 0.1, 0.3, 0.4, & 0.5) NPs at 0–950 g/mL concentrations were reported to be non-toxic in human breast cancer (MDA-MB-23) and human prostate cancer (PC-3) cells.