Self-assessment scale of auditory verbal hallucinations (SAVH): A novel tool for patients with schizophrenia

Abstract

BackgroundA scale for self-assessment of auditory verbal hallucinations (SAVH) was developed for patients, and this study aimed to validate the scale by investigating its psychometric properties. MethodsForty one patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders (DSM-5) self-assessed their hallucinations using nine SAVH questions. Each question was scored from 0 to 5, indicating the severity of the symptoms. Patients were also evaluated with the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Auditory Hallucination Rating Scale (AHRS), and Birchwood Insight Scale (BIS). The psychometric properties of the SAVH were assessed by the face, internal consistency, construct, convergent and discriminant validities. ResultsSAVH scores were used to examine the psychometric properties. Cronbach's α and Guttman's Lambda-6 were 0.67 and 0.73 respectively. Significant correlations were observed between SAVH and AHRS total scores, as well as BPRS hallucinatory behavior subscores. No significant correlations were found between total SAVH scores and (i) levels of insight or (ii) negative BPRS subscores. Factor analysis on SAVH revealed three factors accounting for 59.3 % of the variance. Most patients found the questions clear, appropriate, and of adequate length. ConclusionsSAVH demonstrated good psychometric properties, suggesting its utility in assessing auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH). This self-assessment could be valuable in evaluating AVH treatment efficacy, monitoring AVH, and empowering patients.