Abstract
Upgrading of furanic aldehydes to their corresponding furancarboxylic acids has received considerable interest recently. Herein we reported selective oxidation of furfural (FAL) to furoic acid (FA) with quantitative yield using whole-cells of Pseudomonas putida KT2440. The biocatalytic capacity could be substantially promoted through adding 5-hydroxymethylfurfural into media at the middle exponential growth phase. The reaction pH and cell dosage had notable impacts on both FA titer and selectivity. Based on the validation of key factors for FAL conversion, the capacity of P. putida KT2440 to produce FAL was substantially improved. In batch bioconversion, 170 mM FA was produced with selectivity nearly 100% in 2 h, whereas 204 mM FA was produced with selectivity above 97% in 3 h in fed-batch bioconversion. Particularly, the role of molybdate transporter in oxidation of FAL and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural was demonstrated for the first time. The furancarboxylic acids synthesis was repressed markedly by destroying molybdate transporter, which implied Mo-dependent enzyme/molybdoenzyme played pivotal role in such oxidation reactions. This research further highlights the potential of P. putida KT2440 as next generation industrial workhorse and provides a novel understanding of molybdoenzyme in oxidation of furanic aldehydes.
Highlights
Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant and sustainable resource from which many kinds of platform chemicals can be derived (Den et al, 2018). 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is accessible from glucose and cellulose while furfural (FAL) derives from xylose and C5-rich hemicellulose in the presence of acid catalysts (Mika et al, 2018)
To boost the activity of FAL oxidation in P. putida KT2440, furfuryl alcohol (FOL), FAL, and HMF were added during cultivation and the bioconversion abilities of resultant whole-cells were determined
All these results indicated that FAL and FOL might not be an appropriate option as additive into media
Summary
Lignocellulosic biomass is the most abundant and sustainable resource from which many kinds of platform chemicals can be derived (Den et al, 2018). 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is accessible from glucose and cellulose while furfural (FAL) derives from xylose and C5-rich hemicellulose in the presence of acid catalysts (Mika et al, 2018). 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is accessible from glucose and cellulose while furfural (FAL) derives from xylose and C5-rich hemicellulose in the presence of acid catalysts (Mika et al, 2018). Both FAL and HMF are versatile platform molecules that can be converted into a variety of important chemicals, due to the presence of active groups such as primary hydroxyl and formyl (Mariscal et al, 2016; Hu et al, 2018). In the case of FA, it is currently produced from FAL industrially via a Cannizzaro reaction with NaOH, accompanied by the byproduct furfuryl alcohol (FOL) formation, resulting in a very low selectivity (Mariscal et al, 2016)
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