Selection of plum genotypes for resistance to leaf scald

Gislaine Gabardo,Clandio Medeiros Da Silva,Rui Pereira Leite Junior,Iohann Metzger Iauchrowitz,Henrique Luis Da Silva,Flávio Corrêa Carvalho

doi:10.1590/0100-5405/238868

Gislaine Gabardo, Clandio Medeiros Da Silva + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/0100-5405/238868

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Journal: Summa Phytopathologica	Publication Date: Dec 1, 2020
Citations: 3	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Instituto Agronômico do Paraná

Abstract

ABSTRACT Plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) cultivation is seriously compromised in Brazil due to the occurrence of leaf scald, a disease caused by the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex. The objective of this study was to evaluate plum genotypes agronomically promising for resistance to leaf scald, under natural conditions of occurrence of the disease. Ten out of 50 plum genotypes belonging to the germplasm bank of “Instituto Agronômico do Paraná (IAPAR)” were selected. Five evaluations of leaf scald severity were carried out from January to February (2017 and 2018). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was also performed for samples of these genotypes to determine the presence of the bacterium X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex. The genotypes differed in relation to their susceptibility to leaf scald. PR-1095 was the most resistant genotype and did not show any leaf symptom of the disease. In contrast, genotypes PR-1126 and PR-1137 had the greatest susceptibility to the disease, showing severe scald symptoms. However, PCR revealed the presence of the bacterium even in the most resistant genotypes, indicating, for example, that PR-1095, which had no symptoms of the disease, is probably tolerant to leaf scald.

Highlights

O cultivo da ameixa (Prunus salicina Lindl.) Está seriamente comprometido no Brasil pela ocorrência de queima de folhas, uma doença causada pela bactéria Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex
X. fastidiosa subsp. multiplex is transmitted by several xylemsucking sharpshooters (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae, Cicadellinae)
The objective of the present study was to evaluate plum genotypes agronomically promising for resistance to leaf scald under natural conditions of occurrence of the disease

Summary

Introduction

O cultivo da ameixa (Prunus salicina Lindl.) Está seriamente comprometido no Brasil pela ocorrência de queima de folhas, uma doença causada pela bactéria Xylella fastidiosa subsp. multiplex. O cultivo da ameixa (Prunus salicina Lindl.) Está seriamente comprometido no Brasil pela ocorrência de queima de folhas, uma doença causada pela bactéria Xylella fastidiosa subsp. O teste de PCR revelou a presença da bactéria mesmo nos genótipos mais resistentes, indicando, por exemplo, que o genótipo PR-1095, sem sintomas da doença, provavelmente é tolerante à queima das folhas. Plum (Prunus salicina Lindl.) cultivation has significant economic importance in Brazil, especially in the southern states, which have favorable climate conditions to produce this fruit tree. Brazilian plum production has shown great losses in productivity and a reduction in the cultivated area, especially due to leaf scald, caused by the bacterium X. fastidiosa subsp. The use of resistant cultivars becomes the best control method since there are no curative measures for this disease; besides, the control of insect vectors has technical limitations and is not economically viable for most producers [12, 15, 17]

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