Abstract
Different non-established cultures were examined to find those that showed high sensitivity to Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV). Ovine kidney cultures showed high sensitivity to types A, O and C, and were suitable to detect viral infection in samples of animal, as well as cell culture origin. The level of detection in this system was up to ten times higher than in BHK21 cells, which were commonly used for FMDV isolation and production. Viral production levels in ovine kidney cultures ranged from similar to twice as high as in BHK21. Ovine kidney cultures maintained these characteristics for at least 18 passages, allowing their use as an alternative system for FMDV diagnoses.
Highlights
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) belongs to the family Picornaviridae, Aphtovirus genus, and presents seven serotypes and more than sixty subtypes
Tissue culture-adapted Foot and Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) (O1C with four passages on BHK21) was detected by all cultures, but only OVK and BFK presented similar titers than BHK21 (7.25, 6.6, 6.74 tissue culture infection dose 50 (TCID50)/ml, for OVK, BFK and BHK21, respectively), while the titers obtained with the other lines were at least one log10 lower than with BHK21 (5.39 and 5.6 TCID50/ml, for BTL and BTY, respectively)
A sample of oesophagopharyngeal fluid (OPF) of a bovine infected with A2001 virus could only be detected in BHK21, OVK and BFK (2.86, 2.60 and 2.50 TCID50/ml, respectively)
Summary
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) belongs to the family Picornaviridae, Aphtovirus genus, and presents seven serotypes and more than sixty subtypes. This, combined with the high variability of the virus, determines that control of FMDV infections is challenging and extremely expensive. In an FMDV outbreak, fast and reliable identification of the etiological agent is essential even in those animals that do not present clinical symptoms. Several diagnostic methods are currently available based on the detection of antigens, nucleic acids or viral infectivity, but given the importance of FMDV, these diagnostic methodologies are generally applied concurrently to increase the chance of detection. Slower than other methodologies, virus isolation is irreplaceable, due to its high sensitivity, and because it provides viral material for further studies [1]
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