Selection of filamentous fungi that are resistant to the herbicides atrazine, glyphosate and pendimethalin

Nara Priscila Barbosa Bravim,Anatércia Ferreira Alves,José Fábio França Orlanda,Patricia Barbosa Rodrigues Silva

doi:10.4025/actasciagron.v43i1.51656

Nara Priscila Barbosa Bravim, Anatércia Ferreira Alves + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v43i1.51656

Copy DOI

Abstract

The objective of the present study was to isolate fungi from agricultural soils and evaluate fungal growth in culture medium contaminated with atrazine, glyphosate and pendimethalin. Filamentous fungi were isolated from agricultural soils and cultured in a modified culture medium containing 0, 10, 20, 50, and 100 μg mL-1 atrazine, glyphosate and pendimethalin for 14 days at 28°C. The fungi that presented optimal and satisfactory growth were plated in Sabouraud culture medium with 4% dextrose and containing the herbicides at concentrations of 0, 10, 20, 50, and 100 μg mL-1 for seven days at 28°C. The mean mycelial growth values were submitted to analysis of variance and the Tukey test (p < 0.05%) for comparison and relative growth determination, and maximum inhibition rates were calculated. The isolated fungi Aspergillus fumigatus, Fusarium verticillioides and Penicillium citrinum were shown to be resistant to atrazine, glyphosate and pendimethalin. F. verticillioides showed higher mean mycelial growth in the culture media contaminated with atrazine and glyphosate than the other two fungi. In the culture medium contaminated with pendimethalin, F. verticillioides, and A. fumigatus presented the highest mean mycelial growth values.

Highlights

Herbicides are most commonly applied in vegetable production systems; approximately 2.5 million tons of pesticides are used annually in the world, and in Brazil, the annual consumption has exceeded 300 thousand tons (Moraes, 2019)
Filamentous fungi that are resistant to the herbicides atrazine, glyphosate, and pendimethalin The fungi classified as optimal and satisfactory, after macroscopic observations of colony growth, were identified by the Micoteca URM of the Mycology Department of the Biological Sciences Center of the Federal University of Pernambuco and considered resistant to the tested herbicides (Table 1)
In culture medium contaminated with atrazine, F. verticillioides differed from A. fumigatus and P. citrinum, showing a higher MCM (Figure 1)

Summary

Introduction

Herbicides are most commonly applied in vegetable production systems; approximately 2.5 million tons of pesticides are used annually in the world, and in Brazil, the annual consumption has exceeded 300 thousand tons (Moraes, 2019). The high consumption of pesticides is based on the agricultural improvements that these products present, such as a decrease in invasive plants and increased economic efficiency in the production process. The final location of these products is the soil, and they may have negative impacts, such as intoxication to crops cultivated in succession, organic matter degradation, surface and groundwater eutrophication and loss of essential soil functions, including nutrient cycling and environmental buffering power. Among the technologies available for this purpose, we highlight bioremediation that consists of ecological technology to accelerate rates of natural degradation through plants, algae, bacteria and fungi (Alegbeleye, Opeolu, & Jackson, 2017; Khayati & Barati, 2017)

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion