Selecting ecological attributes for managing within environmental limits: an example of a robust science-policy process in Aotearoa New Zealand

Abstract

ABSTRACT Aotearoa New Zealand is experiencing continued environmental degradation despite its regulatory settings intended to improve environmental outcomes. A lack of clear environmental limits has made it hard to protect ecological integrity and reduce pressures from the cumulative effects of human activities, even more so in a changing climate. This article outlines an evidence-informed process for selecting attributes – i.e. measurable characteristics – of ecological integrity for use by policy makers in resource management across Aotearoa New Zealand. It describes criteria developed (including urgency and importance, suitability and feasibility) to select an initial suite of attributes through engagement with partners and stakeholders and substantial review. The new attributes are intended to fill key gaps not well covered by existing legislation. Seven new attributes were identified including indigenous vegetation cover, erodible soil stabilisation, sediment mud content, sediment accretion rate, nuisance macroalgae, and saltmarsh and seagrass extent. This small number of attributes are not sufficient on their own to protect ecological integrity by managing within environmental limits, but considered a necessary first step in managing priority issues. A more holistic suite of attributes could be developed later, building from this process that can be adapted depending on the details of any future resource management system.