Abstract
Offshore wind turbines are sensitive to tilt failures due to earthquake excitation. Soil liquefaction must be checked in seismically active areas. This study investigates the seismic response of suction bucket foundations in offshore wind turbines that are subjected to earthquake loadings. A series of shaking table tests are performed in a centrifuge, and a numerical analysis is performed in OpenSees and verified against centrifuge tests. The distribution law of the effective stress and excess pore water pressure ratio at the site is also analyzed. A parametric study is conducted by evaluating the influence of bucket configurations, overburden pressures, and seismic intensities. The soil inside and below the bucket foundation is strengthened and resists liquefaction more effectively. The bucket diameter and overburden pressure are key factors in enhancing seismic stability. The anti-liquefaction improvement ratio is assessed, and the distribution law of the anti-liquefaction performance of the soil in the area affected by the additional stress is described. A correction factor is proposed to modify the additional stress ratio by considering the distribution law of pore water pressure. This study provides a revised method to estimate the anti-liquefaction performance of the suction bucket foundation.
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