Seismic Behavior Analysis of a 14th Century Anatolian Seljuk Kumbet

Abstract

The preservation of cultural heritage and the seismic resilience of historic buildings are crucial for maintaining social identity, particularly in earthquake-prone regions. This study focuses on the modeling of Sırçalı Kumbet, a Seljuk monument built in the 14th century in Kayseri province, located in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey, using survey drawings and analysis using the finite element method (FEM) to evaluate its seismic performance. The analysis indicates that linear elastic calculation methods can serve as an initial approach for evaluating such geometrically complex structures. The findings demonstrate that Sırçalı Kumbet exhibits substantial structural rigidity, reducing deformation and enhancing resistance to material fatigue during seismic events. Displacement and stress analyses under G+EQx and G+EQy loading conditions reveal that tensile and compressive stresses remain within acceptable limits, with localized exceedances occurring at specific points, such as cavity corners and wall bases. While these localized stresses are manageable, they highlight areas that require continuous monitoring and potential reinforcement to ensure long-term stability. Additionally, the study suggests that the integration of regular maintenance and targeted reinforcement measures can further improve the monument’s durability and minimize potential damage. This research underscores the essential role of the FEM in bridging the gap between cultural heritage conservation and seismic resilience. It provides a methodological framework for integrating architectural, restoration, and engineering expertise into comprehensive conservation strategies. Future studies should expand this approach to include various building types and material properties to enhance the development of preservation strategies.