Abstract

Good-quality coking coal occurring at shallow depths was worked extensively in the early days of coal mining in India, but in combination with the propensity of the seams to spontaneous heating this unplanned mining has made fires a threat to most of the mines of the Jharia coalfields. Lakshmi opencast mine of the Bhowra Area of Bharat Coking Coal Limited (BCCL), a subsidiary of Coal India Limited (CIL), fell victim to such ill-organized private operations and had to be excavated to protect existing mines and other important structures that surround the fire area.

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