Segregation Analysis of SSR Markers and Phenotypic Performances of Four Soybean F2 Populations Based on Morphological Characters and SSR Markers

Abstract

<p>The role of molecular markers in variety development is very important in increasing selection efficiency through analysis of segregation patterns for subsequent populations. The aims of this study were to analyze patterns of soybean F2 population segregation using SSR markers and morphological characters and analyze phenotypic performances of four soybean F2 populations. Each F2 genotype was evaluated molecularly and phenotypically. The SSR markers and qualitative phenotypic traits, i.e. flower, hypocotyle, and pubescent color segregation ratios, were analyzed using Chi-square tests and the normality of quantitative phenotypic data was done using Liliefors test. Results showed that SSR markers segregated in Mendelian fashion, with a ratio of 1:2:1 of codominant SSR marker, in three F2 populations (Grobogan × Introduksi 10, Grobogan × Introduksi 13, and Biosoy 1 × Introduksi 10). Meanwhile, in F2 population Grobogan × Introduksi 12 the SSR markers did not demonstrate a 1:2:1 segregation ratio. However, that population skewed toward alleles from Grobogan. Phenotypic data of flower, hypocotyle, and pubescent colors were segregated in a 3:1 ratio of dominant monogenic genes for populations Grobogan × Introduksi 13 and Biosoy 1 × Introduksi 10. Liliefors analysis showed that quantitative characters, such as plant height, pod number/plant, seed yield/plant, and 100-seed weight observed in the F2 populations showed normal distribution as expected since the characters are controlled by many genes. Three of the four F2 populations resulted from this study can be used for genetic mapping study and for breeding programs of aluminum-toxicity, flooding, and drought tolerance characters in soybean.</p>