Abstract
Seeds of a renowned medicinal plant, giant dodder (Cuscuta reflexa), were assessed to appraise the effect of solvent and extraction technique variation on antioxidants potential. Dodder seed, also called cuscuta seed, has been considered superb tonic in traditional herbal medication for eyes, liver, spleen and kidney. Results show that selected solvent and procedure plays a key role in the composition and activity of extractable material. Three extraction procedures Orbital shaker, Decoction and Ultrasonic assisted extraction and five different solvents n-hexane, ethyl acetate, 100% methanol, 80% methanol and 60% methanol were used to get optimized conditions. Total phenolic and flavonoids content were found maximum in the extracts of aqueous organic system containing 80% methanol in Ultrasonic assisted extraction method but in case of tannins ethyl acetate and Orbital shaker extraction was found more suitable partner. Antioxidant estimation assays showed a little bit variation as DPPH and ABTS exhibited maximum inhibition in 80% methanol and Ultrasonic assisted extraction but 100% methanol was found better for FRAP assay. Decoction results were mostly in between the both Orbital shaker and Ultrasonic assisted extraction. Overall results indicate that coexistence of polar solvents and Ultrasonic assisted extraction gives a better choice for extractability of potent antioxidants from seeds. HPLC analysis confirmed presence of valuable phenolic acids. Pearson’s correlation coefficient reveals a significant relationship between extracted components and antioxidant capacity P< 0.05 or 0.01.
Highlights
Plants are gifted with a wide variety of natural antioxidants owning diverse composition, properties, reaction pathways and ultimate goals of action in the body (Naik, 2003)
These phenolic acids have been previously reported in various parts of giant dodder e.g quercitin, p-coumaric and caffeic acid (Löffler et al, 1995; Vijikumar, 2011). These results suggest that antioxidant capacity of dodder seeds may credit to its distinctive pharmacological properties like anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and so on
Overall, results of all applied test signpost that giant dodder has wide array of potent antioxidants whose concentration is notably affected by nature of solvents and extraction methodology
Summary
Plants are gifted with a wide variety of natural antioxidants owning diverse composition, properties, reaction pathways and ultimate goals of action in the body (Naik, 2003). Maximum values in OSE and UAE 5.21 and 6.53 g L-1 are obtained in 80% methanol but in case of DE 60% have been found most efficient 5.83 g L-1.On the whole evaluation of all extracts gives a suggestion that UAE technique and polar solvents are better for tannins isolation from plant material.
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