Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for plant growth and development. Finding new P sources and ways to improve crop P utilization are necessary due to the depletion of phosphate reserves. Five crop species, buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum L.), maize (Zea mays L.), oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera (Moench) Metzg.), spelt wheat (Triticum spelta L.), and white lupine (Lupinus albus L.), were grown in pots containing sandy soil with chemical nutrients, digestate, and meat bone meal (MBM) without added nutrients. Thirty days after the seeding plants were harvested, the growth stage, soil-plant analysis development (SPAD) value, biomass, P content of the plants, colonization of the roots with endomycorrhiza, and soil pH were analyzed, and the number of fungal spores in the soil was counted. All species showed interaction with the P sources for measured traits, except for the rhizosphere pH. A high biomass was recorded in all species fertilized with various P sources compared to the unfertilized treatment. Buckwheat and spelt wheat showed a higher P uptake with MBM, and the mycorrhizal symbiosis improved with digestate or MBM compared to synthetic P. The results indicate that different species have adaptative mechanisms to various P sources which could improve the resilience and sustainability of cropping systems.
Highlights
Phosphorus (P) is one of the main nutrients needed for plant growth [1]
Due to the globally limited availability of P reserves based on rock phosphate, attention has been paid to the possibilities of utilizing organic sources of P such as digestate, meat bone meal, and manure
Sewage sludge-based digestate can contain, for example, aluminum oxide and ferrosulphate P adsorbents, which both decrease the bioavailability of P [3]
Summary
Due to the globally limited availability of P reserves based on rock phosphate, attention has been paid to the possibilities of utilizing organic sources of P such as digestate, meat bone meal, and manure. The P content in these organic sources is high, not all P is in soluble form and is not directly available for plants. Rock phosphates and meat bone meal contain approximately 20–30% P as hydroxyl apatite, the bioavailability of which is low. Hydroxyl apatite is more available in acid soils than in calcareous or alkaline soils and in the presence of mycorrhizal soil fungi [2]. The origin of the feedstock of digestate affects the P content and its solubility. Sewage sludge-based digestate can contain, for example, aluminum oxide and ferrosulphate P adsorbents, which both decrease the bioavailability of P [3]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
