Abstract
ABSTRACT Seed treatment with fungi of the genus Trichoderma spp. provides several benefits, including plant growth promotion, stress tolerance, and pathogenic fungi control. Moreover, to avoid inadequate doses and unnecessary costs, these treatments must be applied in proper amounts. However, no study has evaluated their applicability in wheat seeds. This study aimed to determine the most efficient dose of Trichoderma-based products applied as a seed treatment for improving the physiological and sanitary quality of the wheat cultivars TBIO ‘Toruk’ and TBIO ‘Sossego’, besides comparing the performance of biological and chemical agents. Two biological treatments (Trichoderma asperellum SF 04 and Trichoderma harzianum IBLF006) were applied at 0 (control), 5 × 10 11 , 1 × 10 12 , 1.5 × 10 12 , and 2 × 10 12 colony-forming units (CFU) 100 kg–1 seed. Two chemical treatments (carboxin + thiram and pyraclostrobin + thiophanate-methyl + fipronil) were applied at the manufacturers’ recommended doses. Seed germination, shoot and root lengths, seedling dry matter, and sanitary quality were analyzed under laboratory conditions, while seedling emergence, shoot length, and shoot dry matter were analyzed under greenhouse conditions. The optimal dose for wheat seed treatment with T. asperellum SF 04 and T. harzianum IBLF006 was 2 × 10 12 CFU 100 kg–1 seed. When comparing biological and chemical products, our findings indicate that both options are adequate for managing wheat diseases and providing seedling growth via seed treatment.
Highlights
MATERIAL AND METHODSWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major cereal crops grown in Brazil
Beneficial effects were observed at doses of 1.76 × 1012 colony-forming units (CFU) or higher
No differences were observed in seedling emergence and shoot dry matter among treatments for both cultivars (Table 2). Our findings corroborate those of Pereira et al (2019), who observed no differences among control, T. asperellum (1 × 1012 CFU 100 kg−1 seed), and pyraclostrobin + thiophanate-methyl + fipronil (200 mL 100 kg−1 seed) treatments for seedling emergence of the wheat cultivars ‘Toruk’ and BRS Guamirim and for shoot fresh matter of the cultivar BRS Guamirim
Summary
MATERIAL AND METHODSWheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the major cereal crops grown in Brazil. This study aimed to assess the effects of Trichoderma-based seed treatments on the physiological and sanitary quality of two wheat cultivars, determine their optimal doses, and compare the efficiency of biological and chemical treatments. Experiment I was designed to assess the effects of different doses of two Trichoderma spp.based biological products on the physiological and sanitary quality of wheat seeds.
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