ضدعفونی بذر گندم و تأثیر آن بر شاخص های قدرت بذر از منظر زیست محیطی

Abstract

In conventional agricultural systems application of fungicide and pesticides for seed treatment had been extended in wide range. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of seed treatment on seed vigor indices on back cross Roshan of wheat cultivar in vitro status during 2007. The experiment was done in a completely randomized factorial design with eight replications. Treatment were including wheat seed in two levels (contaminated with common bunt teliospores and health seeds), fungicides in four levels (Real, Vitavax, dividend and control) and seed storage time following treatment in three levels (30, 60 and 90 days) were tested in the experiment. Results revealed that contamination and fungicide affected shoot and root lengths significantly (p≤0.01). Seed storage had significant effect (p≤0.01) on germination percentage, seedling dry weight, root and shoot lengths. Interaction between contamination and fungicide was not significant for germination rate, seed germination percentage, seedling dry weight and root length. According to these laboratory results seed treatment with fungicide not only lost seed vigor but also damaged bioenvironmental indices could be expected. Whenever seeds contaminated by common bunt and epidemic of disease are definitely by emphasis on field experiment results and different reaction of wheat varieties to common bunt, utilization of favorite fungicide will be useful and yield loss and bioenvironmental hazard will be decreased.