Sediments Quality based on Geo-Accumulation Index in Heavy Metals (Pb, Cu, and Cd) of Cengkok Coastal Waters, Banten Bay

N K Wardani,T Prartono,S Sulistiono

doi:10.15294/jpii.v9i4.24908

Abstract

This area, which is located near the Banten Bay, is quite active with anthropogenic activities such as industry, fisheries, settlements, and shipyards that have the potential to pollute the environment with heavy metals. This study aims to determine the chemical environmental conditions of the waters and the concentration of heavy metals in the sediments of Banten Bay. Sediment samples were taken at five stations consisting of river and bay sections in April, May, July, August, and September 2019. Heavy metal content in sediments was analyzed according to APHA 2012 using hydrochloric acid and nitric acid destruction methods. The results of heavy metal concentrations in sediments were compared with ANZECC 2000 regulations and sediment quality was determined using the Geo-accumulation Index. The sediment at the observation site is dominated by the silt fraction. The concentration of heavy metals in this study was obtained in the form of lead (Pb) ranging from <0.05 to 6.408 mg / Kg, copper (Cu) ranging from 0.059 to 8.791 mg / Kg, and cadmium (Cd) ranging from 0.042 to 0.605 mg / K. While based on The level of heavy metal contamination in sediments using the Geo-accumulation index (I Geo), the value of all metal types in each month has a value <0.000 at all observation stations. Thus it is concluded that the concentration of heavy metals in the sediment is lower than the threshold determined during the observation. So that the metal concentration weight in the sediment has no significant effect on the environment.

Highlights

Banten Bay is one of the active areas with industrial activities such as the Suralaya power plant, plastic raw material, chemical, steel, sugar, and shipping transportation activities that emit waste such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and copper (Cu)
When the heavy metal that is suspended in water has exceeded the carrying capacity, the heavy metal will be deposited into the sediment
In some conditions, heavy metals in sediments can be released into the water

Summary

Introduction

Banten Bay is one of the active areas with industrial activities such as the Suralaya power plant, plastic raw material, chemical, steel, sugar, and shipping transportation activities that emit waste such as lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), and copper (Cu). The presence of heavy metals in aquatic environments is a serious threat to ecosystems because of their toxicity, which cannot be destroyed naturally, and the ability to accumulate biologically in food chains. Heavy metals that get into the water can be in the form of dissolved metals or in the form of particles. The distribution of suspended and sedimentary heavy metals depends on physical and chemical interactions in the environment. When the heavy metal that is suspended in water has exceeded the carrying capacity, the heavy metal will be deposited into the sediment. In some conditions, heavy metals in sediments can be released into the water. The sediment serves as a carrier as well as a good heavy metal reservoir. Sediments are believed to act as filters for many metals originating from the mainland before settling on the seabed and accumulating

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