Heavy metals distribution in the bottom sediments of Nizampatnam Bay -Lankevanidibba Coast, East Coast of India

Abstract

This study determined metal concentrations in the bottom sediment of the Nizampatnam Bay-Lankevanidibba Coast, East Coast of India. Also, the heavy metal pollution load index (PLI), enrichment factor (E.F.), and geo-accumulation index (Igeo) were calculated for sediments from the Nizampatnam Bay-Lankevanidibba Coast on the East Coast of India. It was observed that metal concentrations in river entry sediment were lower. Still, those in river entry water were higher than corresponding values on the Nizampatnam Bay-Lankevanidibba Coast, East Coast of India. Heavy metal concentrations (ppm) in the bottom sediments have been studied to establish their concentration in Fe (ppm). The concentration of heavy metals is measured using ICP-OES instruments. It observes that heavy metal concentrations in the sediments meet the criteria of international marine sediment quality. However, the geoaccumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (E.F.), and pollution load index (PLI) values suggested the elevation of a few region's metal concentrations. It continuously monitors the Nizampatnam Bay-Lankavanidibba coast and sediment to minimize the risk to population health and the detrimental impacts on the aquatic ecosystem. The pollutant levels for pre-monsoon and post-monsoon studies are compared in this work.