Sedentary behaviour, physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiometabolic risk in psychosis: The PsychiActive project

Abstract

This study aimed to explore the possible independent associations of sedentary behaviour (SB), physical activity (PA), and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) with clustered (CCRS) and individual cardiometabolic risk (waist circumference [waist], systolic/diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose) in patients with psychosis. In 43 outpatients with psychosis (mean age±SD: 42.3±8.5years, 86% men), SB and light, moderate-to-vigorous, and total PA were measured with the SenseWear Pro3 Armband, and CRF with the 6-minute walking test. Multiple linear regression models adjusted for multiple confounders were applied. High SB, low PA and low CRF levels were associated with an unfavourable cardiometabolic risk profile (increased presence of metabolic syndrome and number of cardiometabolic abnormalities, as well as worse values and elevated presence of abnormalities for all individual cardiometabolic risk factors). SB was associated with CCRS, number of cardiometabolic abnormalities, waist, and fasting blood glucose (all p<0.05). After adjusting for PA and CRF, waist and fasting blood glucose remained significant. Light PA was associated with waist, moderate-to-vigorous PA with CCRS, and total PA with CCRS and waist (all p<0.05). These results became non-significant after adjusting for SB and CRF. CRF was associated with CCRS, waist, and systolic blood pressure (all p<0.05). The associations with CCRS and waist remained significant after adjusting for SB and PA. Together, these results suggest the importance of considering SB and CRF, regardless PA, in the prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic disorders among patients with psychosis.