Abstract
To reduce the number of radio-frequency chains of base station, the use of finite resolution analog beamforming is desirbale in massive multiple-input multiple-output system. This article investigates the secure downlink massive multiple-input multiple-output data transmission with artificial noise at base station in the presence of a multi-antenna passive eavesdropper. The achievable user’s ergodic information rate and ergodic capacity of the eavesdropper are analyzed in detail, respectively. With maximum ratio transmission or maximum ratio combining, we derive closed-form expressions for a tight lower bound on ergodic secrecy rate and tight upper bound for secrecy outage probability. Based on these analytical expressions, the effects of various system parameters on secrecy performance, such as power allocation factor, number of eavesdropper’s antennas, number of the user terminals, total transmission power, and finite resolution analog beamforming parameters, are investigated in detail. Also, the optimal power allocation scheme between data and artificial noise signals is achieved in closed form to maximize the ergodic secrecy rate. In addition, we derive the conditions that the secure massive multiple-input multiple-output system need to meet to obtain a positive secrecy rate. Finally, numerical simulation results validate the system’s secrecy performance and verify all the theoretical analytical results.
Highlights
Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) using a few hundred or more antennas for multiuser service is an attractive emerging technology for 5G,1,2 which enables extremely high spectral efficiency and energy efficiency.[3,4]. Because of this distinctive feature, massive MIMO can reduce the burden of user terminals (UTs), that is, low hardware cost, limited power, and low storage capacity, which can boost the promotion of the forthcoming green communications and future networks, along with Internet-of-Things (IoT) and wireless sensor network (WSN).[5,6]
We investigated a secure massive MIMO system exploiting simple finite resolution analog beamforming (FRAB) and artificial noise (AN) with a multiantenna eavesdropper
To evaluate the secrecy performance, a tight lower bound of the ergodic secrecy rate and an upper bound on secrecy outage probability were achieved
Summary
Massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) using a few hundred or more antennas for multiuser service is an attractive emerging technology for 5G,1,2 which enables extremely high spectral efficiency and energy efficiency.[3,4] Because of this distinctive feature, massive MIMO can reduce the burden of user terminals (UTs), that is, low hardware cost, limited power, and low storage capacity, which can boost the promotion of the forthcoming green communications and future networks, along with Internet-of-Things (IoT) and wireless sensor network (WSN).[5,6] to obtain the array gain, each antenna needs a complete radiofrequency (RF) chain.[7,8] the large number of antenna elements will bring an extremely high hardware cost in massive MIMO systems. Similar to the conventional MIMO (non-massive) systems, AN signals are chosen to lie in the null space of the UTs’ transmission channel matrix, so these AN signals only degrade Eve’s received signal-to-interferenceplus-noise ratio (SINR) performance, but take little effect to legitimate UTs,[25,26] that is, hTi V = 0, 8i. The achievable intended information rate and Eve’s ergodic capacity will be analyzed under the perfect CSI assumption Exploiting these results, a simple tight lower bound on the ergodic secrecy rate and a closed-form upper bound for secrecy outage probability are derived. Mean pgffipTkffiffiffiwaffiffiffikiffi=2alsaondfolvloawrias nRceay(l1eiÀgh(pd=is4t)r)iabku.tioCnleawriltyh, plugging the numerator and denominator into formula (8), the lower bound of the achievable rate of Bob with According to these results, we conclude that the upper limit SINR gain of the phase-only RF combining is p=4 of the gain achieved by fully digital transmission (MRT).[23,24]. The interference component wTk gi from other UTs have the following distribution as ð17Þ
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
