Abstract
To improve load balancing in 5G heterogeneous networks (HetNets) by managing congestion and interference during handover operations, this paper introduces a unique sector-based approach. To maximize channel selection and enhance user experience, the algorithm incorporates Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) and Channel Annulling (CAA) approaches. almost sixteen hours of testing, there was a noticeable decrease in congestion, with average load factors in macro cells falling from 0.44 to 0.38, microcells from 0.28 to 0.22, and pico cells from 0.23 to 0.19, for an overall average drop of 15%. Furthermore, the approach successfully reduced interference, which resulted in higher Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) metrics: Both the macro and micro cell RSRPs increased from -80 dBm to -71.5 dBm and -85 dBm toPico cell RSRP ranges from -86 dBm to -75.0 dBm, and -74.3 dBm. The suggested approach improves network performance by permitting smooth handovers, lessening congestion, and greatly enhancing signal quality
Published Version
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