Section 1 - Disposable diapers

Abstract

The most important property of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) is their ability to absorb water. SAP absorbs water into three-dimensional (3D) networks of a cross-linked polymer by the compatibility of polymer chains and water and by osmotic pressure. The SAP is indispensable for disposable diapers, and it has drastically improved the performance of disposable diapers. The chapter discusses development and current status of disposable diapers, the structure of disposable diapers in which a SAP is incorporated, and advances in the development of SAPs. The market share of the panty-type diaper, especially the ultrathin disposable diapers, that are not only comfortable and convenient but also reduce transpiration because of their compact size, which also requires less space on a store shelf, is expected to grow. There are three requirements for the successful progress of ultrathin diapers. First, high-performance SAPs must be developed. Second, the development of high-performance acquisition and transport materials is needed. Finally, high performance per cost fibrous or sheet SAPs instead of particulate polymers can be alternatives.