Abstract
On the basis of studying genes, new properties of the genetic code were established and its major integrated characteristics were calculated. Two groups of such characteristics were distinguished. The first group deals with the integrated characteristics for the DNA regions where genes overlap pairwise, and all five cases of the overlappings allowed by DNA structure were investigated. The second group of characteristics deals with the most extended DNA regions without genetic overlappings. The interrelation of the established integrated characteristics in the two groups was established. As a result, several previously unknown effects were found. Two functions were revealed in which all reassigned codons in mitochondrial genetic codes (of humans and other organisms) are involved, and the fundamental distinctions in the integrated characteristics of such codes from the standard ones were revealed. Other properties of the genetic code structure following from the obtained results were also established.
Published Version
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