Secret War in the Middle East: The Covert Struggle for Syria, 1949-1961

Abstract

Introduction: conspiracies, covert action and terrorism Syria - covert battleground victim and perpetrator. Syria in its environment: history domestic politics Syria's geopolitical position summary. Coups and covert action, 1949: prologue Za'im's coup the Sa'adah affair Hinnawi's coup Shishakli makes his move. The Shishakli era, 1949-54: 'Azm's government Transjordanian plotting, Sa'udi and Egyptian terrorism the Middle East command and Shishakli's coup Shishakli's dictatorship. Syria between Nasser and the West, 1945-56: the struggle commences the Malki assassination the presidential elections the Iraqi plot. Battling the Eisenhower doctrine, 1957-58: terrorism and the SSNP subverting Lebanon subverting Jordan the American plot formation of the United Arab Republic. Conclusion: rewriting Syrian history past present and future.