Secrecy and Diplomacy

Abstract

Secrecy has been a significant dimension of diplomacy ever since diplomatic practices began to take shape in the ancient world. Its relevance to diplomacy is multifaceted, and not limited to what is sometimes called “secret diplomacy,” which is itself a somewhat elastic expression. In discussing secrecy and diplomacy, it is necessary to recognize that the character of diplomacy has changed very significantly over time in the light of changes in the character of the international system and changes in means of communication. So has the ability of agencies to protect their secrets. The strengths and weaknesses of secret diplomacy remain topics for active discussion, but since successful secret diplomacy may remain secret for a very long time (and possibly forever), it is difficult to offer a rigorous general appraisal, since spectacular failure is more likely to have come to light.