Abstract
The methods of Doppler-free laser spectroscopy allow obtaining resonances with a homogeneous line width 2Γ with maxima coinciding with the transition frequency ω 0 . The second-order Doppler effect (SODE) becomes essential for obtaining very narrow resonances with a relative width less than 10 -11 . A particle moving with a transverse velocity u radiates (absorbs) at the frequency shifted relative ω 0 by Δ = -l/2(u/c) 2 ω 0 . There are two ways to eliminate the SODE influence. The first one is connected with a deep radiative cooling of particles and the second one is connected with an optical selection of cold particles in a gas.
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