Abstract
A new γ-butyrolactone, annulostygilactone (1), along with nine known compounds consisting of seven benzenoids [p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (2), methylparaben (3), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (4), syringaldehyde (5), eugenol (6), vanillic acid (7), and ferulic acid (8)], and two triterpenoids [ursolic acid (9) and _-daucosterol (10)] were isolated from the endophytic fungus Annulohypoxylon stygium BCRC 34024. Their structures were determined based on their 1D and 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS spectral data as well as comparison with previous literature data. All compounds were found for the first time in this species. It is worthy of note that this is the first report of secondary metabolites isolated from this fungus. The inhibitory effects of some isolates (compounds 1, 9, and 10) on nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophages were evaluated. Compound 1 showed stronger inhibition of NO production than the positive control quercetin.
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