Abstract
SummaryToxic secondary metabolites are synthesized for attack or defence in competing cultures of different basidiomycete species. In combination with incompatibility reactions changes in the pattern of secondary metabolites were also detected in dual cultures of diploid isolates of different Armillaria species (Armillaria gallica, Armillaria borealis and Armillaria cepistipes) on agar. In dual cultures the response in A. cepistipes was most pronounced and occurred combined with increasing growth inhibition of the fungus. The toxic metabolites which were formed in monocultures disappeared and the newly arising metabolites showed no antibiotic activity. The chemical structures of the compounds have been elucidated (two are described for the first time) as sesquiterpene esters of orsellinic acid derivatives. The augmenting metabolites of A. cepistipes are dehydroxylation products. A new facet of the role of secondary metabolites in the ecological interactions of fungi is described, namely, the detoxification of toxins by a competitor.
Published Version
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