Abstract
In spite of the extensive data on pathogenesis and treatment of idiopathic macular hole in the literature, macular holes secondary to other pathologies have received only fragmented attention. Due to great variation in the nature of pathologies that have been reported to cause a macular hole, the key issues of operability and surgical prognosis are equivocal. The pathogenetic mechanisms for the formation of secondary macular hole are similar to those for idiopathic macular hole, with small variations. The main prognostic parameters are morphology of the secondary macular hole, the extent of visual deficit and the background pathology. With judicious case selection, anatomic and visual outcomes can be satisfactory, though not comparable to those of idiopathic macular holes.
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