Secondary Alkyl Groups in Palladium-Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions

Abstract

Important classes of cross-coupling reactions are those leading to the incorporation of secondary alkyl groups. While early work in cross-coupling focused mainly on primary alkyl groups, the past decade has seen significant advances in introducing secondary and tertiary groups. This review will focus on the advances made in recent years referencing landmark publications where necessary. Expansion of scope, ease of reaction setup, and mechanistic considerations will be stressed. Applications of methodologies towards complex scaffolds and natural products will be also be evaluated. 1 Introduction 2.1 Suzuki Coupling 2.2 Mizoroki–Heck Coupling 2.3 Stille Coupling 2.4 Sonagashira Coupling 2.5 Kumada Coupling 2.6 Negishi Coupling 2.7 Hiyama Coupling 2.8 Lithium Coupling 2.9 Titanium Coupling 2.10 C–H Activation 3 Conclusion