Abstract
One of the current challenges in second-harmonic generation (SHG) is to increase the efficiency of the second-harmonic conversion process while maintaining or even decreasing the fundamental-harmonic pump powers in a compact device. Here, we put forward an on-chip scheme to realize high-efficiency optical SHG in active-passive-coupled microring resonators with the aid of the intrinsic second-order nonlinearity. By careful analysis and extensive simulations, it is found that the introduction of an active microring resonator makes the strong SHG process feature an ultralow-power pump threshold, which is about four orders of magnitude lower than that in a single-microring resonator SHG system reported previously by X. Guo et al. [Optica 3, 1126 (2016)]. The observed SHG is enhanced by a factor of over 200 compared to the single-microring-resonator SHG system. The SHG conversion efficiency of over $72%$ can be reached with optical pump power as low as a few microwatts for our proposed device. This investigation may open a new route towards development of easily fabricated radiation sources of coherent high-energy (shorter-wavelength) photons with an ultralow-power laser-triggered SHG process.
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