Second harmonic generation from insoluble films of a rhodamine dye at the air–water interface: effect of sodium dodecylsulfate

Abstract

The second harmonic generation (SHG) from the insoluble monolayers of bis-( N-ethyl, N-octadecyl)rhodamine perchlorate (RhC 18) formed on the surface of sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) solutions of different concentrations has been studied. An enhancement of the second harmonic response was observed in the mixed films of RhC 18/SDS compared to the pure-dye layer. To clarify the origin of the phenomenon, the films were characterized by surface pressure–area isotherm and reflection–absorption spectroscopy studies. The analysis of surface pressure–area isotherms of RhC 18/SDS layers showed that incorporated SDS molecules essentially influence the rheological properties of the dye monolayer. The film parameters, such as the molecular surface area, maximum surface pressure, and solid-condensed phase composition, are the functions of SDS bulk concentration. A joint analysis of the SHG results and the reflection–absorption spectra revealed that the structural ordering within films was responsible for the enhancement of the nonlinear optical response, whereas the contributions from the spectral shifts and increased absorption upon aggregate formation are of less importance.