Abstract
Secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) is a phytoestrogen and rich in food flaxseed, sunflower seeds, and sesame seeds. Among the beneficial pharmacological activities of SDG on health, many are age related, such as anticancer, antidiabetes, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects. Thus, we investigated if SDG had an effect on antiaging in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). Our results showed that SDG could extend the lifespan of C. elegans by up to 22.0%, delay age-related decline of body movement, reduce the lethality of heat and oxidative stress, alleviate dopamine neurodegeneration induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), and decrease the toxicity of Aβ protein in C. elegans. SDG could increase the expression of the downstream genes of DAF-16, DAF-12, NHR-80, and HSF-1 at mRNA level. SDG could not extend the lifespan of mutants from genes daf-16, hsf-1, nhr-80, daf-12, glp-1, eat-2, and aak-2. The above results suggested that SDG might enhance the stress resistance, delay the progression of aging-related diseases, and extend the lifespan of C. elegans via DAF-16 and HSF-1.
Highlights
Aging, characterized by a progressive loss of physiological integrity, leads to impaired functioning and increased vulnerability to death [1]
Our results showed that secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG) extended the lifespan of C. elegans in a dosedependent manner and presented the best effect under the concentration of 500 μM, by extending the lifespan of C. elegans up to 22.0% (Figure 1(b))
We found that SDG could extend the lifespan of C. elegans, increase body movement ability, improve stress resistance, protect DA neurons from 6-OHDA-induced neurodegeneration, and decrease Aβ-induced toxicity in C. elegans
Summary
Aging, characterized by a progressive loss of physiological integrity, leads to impaired functioning and increased vulnerability to death [1]. Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that functional food and traditional herbs could achieve the benefits, such as royal jelly [3], blueberry [4], Sophora moorcroftiana [5], and Ribes fasciculatum [6]. Flaxseed, used as both daily food and medicine, is rich in omega 3 fatty acid, alpha-linolenic acid, secoisolariciresinol diglucoside (SDG), and fiber. Studies under various cellular and animal models have demonstrated that SDG has potent bioactivity in reducing the risk of cancer, ameliorating oxidative stress, preventing diabetes, and protecting from neurodegenerative disease, such as Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease [8, 9]. Given that bioactivities of SDG are associated with aging, we are wondering if SDG could extend the lifespan
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