Seasonal prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in desi fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus) in and around Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh.

Abstract

A study was carried out to know the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in desi fowl in and nearby villages of Gannavaram, Andhra Pradesh for a period of 1year. Screening of 492 samples comprising faecal samples and gastrointestinal tracts from freshly slaughtered desi birds at local poultry shops and samples from post mortem examinations at NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram revealed 63.21% of gastrointestinal parasites. Faecal samples were examined by floatation technique using salt solution and samples positive for coccidian oocysts were sporulated in 2.5% potassium dichromate solution for species identification. Adult worms were identified after routine processing and mounting. The species identified includes Davainea proglottina, Raillietina cesticillus and Raillietina echinobothrida in cestodes (32.47%), Ascaridia galli, Capillaria annulata, Heterakis gallinarum in nematodes (39.87%), Eimeria tenella, Eimeria acervulina and Eimeria necatrix in Eimeria spp. (39.87%). Ascaridia galli and R. cesticillus and A. galli and Eimeria spp. were common in mixed infection (12.86%). Ascaridia galli was the more prevalent species. No trematode parasite was identified during the study period. Significant (p=0.001) relationship between the seasonality and prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was observed (χ2=17.46, df=2). Data revealed high prevalence in rainy season (43.41%) followed by summer (38.91%) and winter (17.68%) seasons for all parasites except for A. galli and C. annulata infections which were higher in summer season. Results indicated high prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in desi fowl in study area emphasizing the need of improved management practices of backyard poultry.