Prevalence of parasites and associated risk factors in domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) and free-range backyard chickens of Sistan region, east of Iran

Abstract

This study was carried out on free-range backyard chickens and domestic pigeons (Columba livia domestica) from December 2010 to November 2011 to determine the prevalence, intensity and species of internal and external parasites in Sistan region, east of Iran. Of the total of 59 (27 males and 32 females) free-range backyard chickens and 46 (26 males and 20 females) domestic pigeons inspected, 55 (93.22%) and 39 (84.78%) were infected respectively. Ten species of free-range backyard chickens parasites were collected from alimentary canals, body, head and neck, comprising of 3 species of nematodes, 4 species of cestodes and 3 species of ectoparasites as follows: Ascaridia galli (16.94%), Heterakis gallinarum (23.72%), Subulura brumpti (67.79%), Raillietina tetragona (35.59%), Raillietina echinobothrida (27.11%), Raillietina cesticillus (15.25%), Choanotaenia infundibulum (40.67%), Argas persicus (16.94%), Menopen gallinae (55.93%) and Menacanthus stramineus (33.89%). The domestic pigeons were infected with seven species of parasites including 2 species of nematodes, 2 species of cestodes and 3 species of ectoparasites as follows: Ascaridia colombae (15.21%), Hadjelia truncata (17.39%), Raillietina tetragona (26.08%), Raillietina echinobothrida (28.26%), Argas reflexus (13.04%), Menopen gallinae (32.60%), Columbicola Columba (41.30%). This is the first survey to determine the prevalence and intensity of parasites among free-range backyard chicken and domestic pigeon species in Sistan region.