Abstract
ABSTRACT Seasonal changes in agricultural soil use due to agroclimatic conditions affect the water cycle in watersheds. This study aimed to understand the temporal variation of runoff inherent to the seasonal occupation dynamics of the agricultural soil in the basin that drains the upper valley of the Marrecas River, upstream of the urban perimeter of Francisco Beltrao, PR. The effects of runoff were verified through flow peaks simulated by the HEC-HMS model in twelve monthly soil use scenarios, under seven precipitation return periods. The results indicated a strong relationship between bare soil and flow peaks, temporally delimiting April and March as the largest runoff generators and January and August as the smallest ones. The ratio quantified by rates of increase in flow peaks ranging from 0.78 to 1.64 m3 s−1 per km2 of bare soil. In addition, the survey of historical precipitation data also warns of the generation of large runoff volumes in October. Therefore, the strong correlation between the increase in flow peaks and occupation by bare soil can be quantified with good precision, but it is also necessary to consider historical precipitation records to understand the temporal distribution of runoff and flood risks.
Highlights
The hydrographic region of the Marrecas River upstream of the urban perimeter of Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, which is used as a source of public supply for that city, has more than 65% of its area occupied by agricultural activities
Engenharia Agrícola, Jaboticabal, v.39, n.5, p.592-599, sep./oct. 2019 generation over a hydrological year. Given this context and considering the recurrent flooding in the urban perimeter of Francisco Beltrão, PR, Brazil, which may have as one of the primary motivators the agricultural activities developed in the drainage basin, this study aimed to understand the hydrological behavior of seasonal changes in agricultural soil cover in the basin that drains the upper valley of the Marrecas River under twelve soil use scenarios representative of each month of the year in response to the runoff response on flow peaks, aiming at the knowledge of the temporal distribution of runoff and flood risks
HEC-GeoHMS requires the input of a digital elevation model (DEM) and drainage channel information, providing data of runoff and flood wave propagation in the channels
Summary
The hydrographic region of the Marrecas River upstream of the urban perimeter of Francisco Beltrão, Paraná, which is used as a source of public supply for that city, has more than 65% of its area occupied by agricultural activities. This region was colonized by immigrants from the states of Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, in higher proportions from the 1940s (Cassol & Morais, 2014), who occupied small plots of land characterizing a way of family agricultural production (Savoldi & Cunha, 2010). Soil cover is considered a dynamic element in runoff formation, as soil type and topography have insignificant short-term changes (Miller et al, 2002)
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