Abstract
At the city scale, the diurnal and seasonal variations in the relationship between urban form and the urban heat island effect remains poorly understood. To address this deficiency, we conducted an empirical study based on data from 150 cities in the Jing-Jin-Ji region of China from 2000 to 2015. The results derived from multiple regression models show that the effects of urban geometric complexity, elongation, and vegetation on urban heat island effect differ among different seasons and between day and night. The impacts of urban geometric factors and population density in summer, particularly those during the daytime, are significantly larger than those in winter. The influence of urban area and night light intensity is greater in winter than in summer and is greater during the day than at night. The effect of NDVI is greater in summer during the daytime. Urban vegetation is the factor with the greatest relative contribution during the daytime, and urban size is the dominant factor at night. Urban geometry is the secondary dominant factor in summer, although its contribution in winter is small. The relative contribution of urban geometry shows an upward trend at a decadal time scale, while that of vegetation decreases correspondingly. The results provide a valuable reference for top-level sustainable urban planning.
Highlights
Urban heat islands (UHIs) magnify the intensity of heatwaves globally [1,2] and impose a disproportionately large energy burden on cities [3]
Our results showed that the all-day average surface UHI intensity (SUHII) will increase 0.42 ◦ C in winter for each 0.1 increase in dTREE, while the opposite effects of a dNDVI increase would almost offset this increase in this region
Our results show that urban form has an important influence on the UHI effect
Summary
Urban heat islands (UHIs) magnify the intensity of heatwaves globally [1,2] and impose a disproportionately large energy burden on cities [3]. The urgency of urban form optimization in addressing global sustainability has been emphasized both by The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable. Development and The New Urban Agenda [5,6]. Progress has been made in examining the relationship between urban form and the UHI effect at the neighborhood scale and city scale. Precinct ventilation zone (PVZ) are key components of urban form that influence land surface temperature. Based on the use of LCZ, Yang et al showed that urban architectural patterns were one of the important drivers of climate change, and high-density high-rise buildings can increase surface temperatures [7].
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