Abstract
The composition of triterpene acids and triterpene alcohols of the outer bark of a damaged silver birch tree (Betula pendula Roth.) the outer bark of silver birch branches, the outer bark of Betula davurica Pall., B. mandshurica (Regel) Nakai, B. platyphylla Sucacz. and B. costata Trautv. is considered. Silver birch bark was harvested in the Leningrad region. The bark of other species of birches was harvested in the Khabarovsk region. The qualitative composition of triterpene compounds was determined by chromatography-mass spectrometry. The quantitative composition was determined by gas-liquid chromatography and absolute calibration. Butyl esters of acids were preliminarily prepared for GLC analysis of triterpene acids. The outer bark of the eastern species of birches contains significantly more betulinic and oleanolic acid than silver birch. The relative content of triterpene acids is greater in the outer bark of branches and in the bark of damaged silver birches. The increase in acid content is apparently associated with the desire to heal a wound. The main component among the triterpenoids of the investigated raw materials is betulin. For the separation of acids from other triterpenoids, various solubilities of the compounds in solvents and the ability of acids to form poorly soluble salts were used.
Highlights
Betulinic acid (BA) belonging to the lupane type of triterpenoids is a natural biological active substance
BA can be synthesized from betulin from the bark of white-birch bark
BA has a wide range of anti-tumor effects and exhibits anti-HIV activity [2,3,4,5,6]
Summary
Betulinic acid (BA) belonging to the lupane type of triterpenoids is a natural biological active substance. BA contains in the bark and leaves of many plants, for example, the bark of birches. BA can be synthesized from betulin from the bark of white-birch bark. Synthesis usually takes three or more stages with a maximum betulinic acid yield of 55% [1]. BA has a wide range of anti-tumor effects and exhibits anti-HIV activity [2,3,4,5,6]. Oleanolic acid (OA) belonging to the oleane type of triterpenoids has a hepatoprotective effect, anti-inflammatory and anti-cancer effects. It can stop the cell cycle of pancreatic cancer cells. OA demonstrates high antimicrobial activity [9, 10]
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