Abstract
BackgroundThe effectiveness of sealants is dependent upon their adhesion to enamel surface. The aim of the study was to evaluate the sealing ability of a pit and fissure sealant used with a universal adhesive (etch-and-rinse vs. self-etch modes) when the site is contaminated with saliva. Adhesive properties were evaluated as microleakage and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) characteristics.Material and MethodsA total of 72 mandibular third molars were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=12). Occlusal pits and fissures were sealed with an unfilled resin fissure sealant (FS) material with or without saliva contamination. The groups included: 1) phosphoric acid etching + FS (control), 2) phosphoric acid etching + Scotchbond Universal (etch-and-rinse) + FS, 3) phosphoric acid etching + saliva + Scotchbond Universal (etch-and-rinse) + FS, 4) Scotchbond Universal (self-etching) + FS,5) Scotchbond Universal (self-etching) + saliva + FS, and 6) Scotchbond Universal (self-etching) + saliva + Scotchbond Universal + FS. After thermocycling, the teeth were placed in 0.5% fuchsin, sectioned, and evaluated by digital microscopy. Two samples from each group were also observed by SEM. The data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests for a significance of p<0.05.ResultsThere were significant differences among groups. Groups 1,2 and 4 showed the least microleakage, with no significant differences among groups. Saliva contamination led to increased microleakage and gap formation in SEM images in groups 3, 5 and 6.ConclusionsThe fissure sealing ability of the universal adhesive in etch-and-rinse or self-etch modes was similar to that of conventional acid etching. Saliva contamination had a negative effect on sealant adhesion to pretreated enamel. Key words:Pit and fissure sealant, Universal adhesive, Saliva.
Highlights
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most promising stem cells for clinical applications; they were originally found in the bone marrow, and have been isolated from many other tissues as skin, adipose tissue and various dental tissues [1,2]
We investigated and compared the proliferation rate and the osteogenic differentiation potential of different adult mesenchymal stems from rat bone marrow, gingival and salivary glands
All the three groups achieved the spindle fusiform shaped like cells in morphology. -MTT proliferation Assay Measuring the MTT color absorbance among the three studied groups revealed that the highest significant proliferation was observed at two weeks culture in bone marrow MSCs (BMSCs) (2.416±0.744), followed by gingival MSCs (GMSCs) (1.281±0.577) and SMSCs (0.226±0.0225) (Table 2)
Summary
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the most promising stem cells for clinical applications; they were originally found in the bone marrow, and have been isolated from many other tissues as skin, adipose tissue and various dental tissues [1,2]. We investigated and compared the proliferation rate and the osteogenic differentiation potential of different adult mesenchymal stems from rat bone marrow, gingival and salivary glands. Cells were plated in 25 ml culture flasks and proliferated in minimal essential medium (MEM) (Gibco-Life Technologies) supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum (FBS), 1× Pen/Strep antibiotics (Invitrogen) and incubated at 37°C and 5% CO2. Cell Culture media were changed twice a week; with supplementation of LAscorbic Acid 2-Phosphate (50 μg/mL; Sigma-Aldrich) and they were monitored for 70 to 80% confluence by using inverted microscope software. -MTT proliferation Assay Measuring the MTT color absorbance among the three studied groups revealed that the highest significant proliferation was observed at two weeks culture in BMSCs (2.416±0.744), followed by GMSCs (1.281±0.577) and SMSCs (0.226±0.0225) (Table 2). At 7&14 days culture there was a statistically highly significant difference between all the studied groups as the p-value was < 0.01. -Osteogenic differentiation Osteogenic differentiation and mineralization were evidenced by calcium deposits which formed orange red fa-
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