Abstract
Sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus) intestinal high-value-added compounds have not been fully used in sea cucumber processing. Here, the osteotropic effects of sea cucumber intestinal peptides (SCIP) on tibial fractures in osteoporotic mice were investigated. Mice were bilaterally ovariectomized to model osteoporosis and achieved open fracture surgery on the right tibia. The results exhibited that SCIP intervention significantly elevated localized callus and total glutamine levels after fracture in osteoporotic mice. SCIP intervention enhanced the level of acetyl coenzyme A-mediated histone H3 acetylation by up-regulation of the GLS1-GLUD1 axis, thereby significantly promoting the expression of genes specific to chondrocytes. Also, it enhanced aspartate-mediated purine and pyrimidine synthesis by up-regulation of the GLS1-GOT2 axis, thereby significantly promoting the proliferation of chondrocytes. Moreover, it enhanced glutathione-mediated antioxidant damage by upregulating the GLS1-GCLC axis, thereby significantly rescuing the pathological apoptosis of hypertrophic chondrocytes. In conclusion, SCIP promoted chondrocyte generation, proliferation, mineralization, and bone remodeling through glutamine metabolism, thus facilitating fracture healing in osteoporotic mice.
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