SD-DSS model of sustainable groundwater resources management using the water-food-energy security Nexus in Alborz Province

Abstract

Unbalanced development of Alborz Province in recent years has amplified groundwater security crisis as well as water stress. This study conducted dynamic decision support system modelling of sustainable groundwater resources management based on water-food-energy security nexus (WFESN-SD-DSS). Using the results, the scenarios were designed in three categories of solutions: 1- Groundwater resources security; 2- Groundwater resources security; and 3- Groundwater resources security. The WFEN-SD-DSS model findings implied that combined policies represented the best solution and these included: Aquifer artificial recharge of 10 million cubic meters per year; control of well water usage; exploitation and reuse of graywater to supply 10% of agricultural water; 10% development of irrigation efficiency using novel irrigation systems; 10% reduction of agricultural waste; 10% development of the performance of agricultural products by modifying seeds, conserving plants; 5% reduction of electrical energy dissipation in combined cycle power plants; and development of solar water pump systems in agriculture sector.