Screening on Perpetration and Victimization of Intimate Partner Violence (IPV): Two Studies on the Validity of an IPV Screening Instrument in Patients in Substance Abuse Treatment

Fleur L Kraanen,Ellen Vedel,Paul M G Emmelkamp,Agnes Scholing,Marianna Mazza

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063681

Fleur L Kraanen, Ellen Vedel + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063681

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Abstract

BackgroundAbout 50% of patients in substance abuse treatment with a partner perpetrated and/or experienced intimate partner violence in the past year. To date, there are no screeners to identify both perpetrators and victims of partner intimate violence in a substance abusing population. We developed a 4 item screening instrument for this purpose, the Jellinek Inventory for assessing Partner Violence (J-IPV). Important strengths of the J-IPV are that it takes only 2 minutes to administer and is easy to use and to score.MethodsTo investigate the validity of the J-IPV, two independent studies were conducted including 98 and 99 participants, respectively. Aim of the second study was to cross-validate findings from the first study. Psychometric properties of the J-IPV were determined by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, and positive and negative likelihood ratio’s by comparing J-IPV outcomes to outcomes on the Revised Conflict Tactics Scales (‘gold standard’). Also, receiver operator characteristics (ROC)-curves were determined to weight sensitivity and specificity as a result of different J-IPV cutoffs, and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated.ResultsResults of the first study demonstrated that the J-IPV possesses good psychometric properties to detect perpetrators and victims of any as well as severe intimate partner violence. Results from the second study replicated findings from the first study.ConclusionsWe recommend administering the J-IPV to patients entering substance abuse treatment. If perpetrators and victims of partner violence are identified, action can be taken to stop IPV perpetration and arrange help for victims, for example by offering perpetrators treatment or by providing safety planning or advocacy interventions to victims.

Highlights

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious problem that comprises verbal, physical, and/or sexual violence against anpartner; the present study focuses on physical IPV
In case of assessing IPV, we argued that high sensitivity and high NPV are the most important qualities the Jellinek Inventory for assessing Partner Violence (J-IPV) should possess
Demographics and past year prevalence rates of any/ severe IPV perpetration/victimization as determined with the CTS2 are displayed in Table 2 as well

Summary

Introduction

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a serious problem that comprises verbal, physical, and/or sexual violence against an (ex)partner; the present study focuses on physical IPV. Consequences of physical IPV can be severe for victims and may result in injuries, chronic pain, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, suicidality, and substance use disorders [1], [2]. Witnessing IPV between parents may lead, for example, to anger, fear, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and conduct problems in children (e.g., [3,4,5]). These children are at greater risk for IPV perpetration and/or victimization as an adult (e.g., [5]). About 50% of patients in substance abuse treatment with a partner perpetrated and/or experienced intimate partner violence in the past year. Important strengths of the J-IPV are that it takes only 2 minutes to administer and is easy to use and to score

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