Abstract
Ten promising short duration genotypes of pigeonpea were screened under field conditions for two years (2013-15) to identify sources of resistance against pod borers. On the basis of per cent pod damage and Pest Susceptibility Rating (PSR) index, genotypes PUSA-2012-1, PA 409, PA 406, AL1747 were found to be least susceptible (PSR= 4 to 5) while two genotypes, AL 1790 and AL 1770 were ascertained highly susceptible against pod borers having damage rating of 8 over the susceptible check cultivar (Manak). Phenol and flavonoid content present in the pod wall of all the test genotypes/cultivars were also estimated. Highest phenol and flavonoid content was recorded from PUSA-2012-1 while the lowest content was obtained from the genotype AL 1790. Correlation studies made with these biochemical constituents revealed a significant and negative association of pod damage (%) with phenol (r = -0.896**) and flavonoid (r = -0.872**) content in pod walls. Thus the genotypes having higher content of phenols and flavonoids in their pod walls offered resistance against pod borer complex.
Highlights
Pigeonpea, Cajanus cajan (L.), is an important legume crop grown in the tropics and subtropics, mostly in Asia, Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean region occupying 6.5 per cent of the world’s total pulse area and contributing 5.7 per cent to the total pulse production
300 species of insect pests are known to infest pigeonpea crop at various growth stages in India (Lal and Singh, 1998) but the maximum yield loss is caused by pod borer complex
Since pigeonpea growers have to spend much on input like pesticides, it is considered viable to search the available germplasms for sources of resistance to these insect pests for use in breeding insect resistant cultivars
Summary
Field trial was conducted for screening of ten promising short duration pigeonpea genotypes (AL 1495, AL 1735, AL 1747, AL 1770, AL 1790, PA 409, PUSA-2012-1, PA 406, AL 201, PAU 881) along with two checks, Manak and UPAS 120 against lepidopteran pod borers and pod fly at Norman E. The observations on larval population of different species of pod borers were recorded by randomly selecting twenty five pigeonpea inflorescences from each plot at ten days interval starting from flowering to maturity stage of the crop. Pod damage at maturity of the crop was recorded from total pods of five plants selected at random in each plot. The susceptibility of different genotypes to insect pests was calculated on the basis of per cent pod damage using the formula suggested by Lateef and Reed (1980). PD = Pod damage The sampling of pods for biochemical estimation of total phenols and flavonoids was done at 115 days after sowing of the crop when the damage due to different species of pod borers was at peak level. 33.00 d (35.06) 28.56 c (32.30) 23.89 b (29.21) 37.89 ef (37.99) 43.78 g (41.42) 24.95 b (29.95) 18.34 a (25.35) 19.78 a (26.39) 35.06 de (36.30) 37.22 ef (37.59) 32.00 d (34.45) 39.00 f (38.64)
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