Screening of rice genotypes for salt tolerance by physiological and biochemical characters

Uttam Bhowmik,Yoshiyuki Murata,Mohammad Saidur Rhaman,Md Anamul Hoque,Mohammad Golam Kibria

doi:10.14719/pst.2021.8.3.1098

Uttam Bhowmik, Yoshiyuki Murata + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.14719/pst.2021.8.3.1098

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Abstract

Crop production is unexpectedly hampered by different abiotic stresses. Salinity is one of the leading stresses, which snappishly hampers plant developmental progression. Local rice landraces exhibit noticeable salt tolerance as well as high yield. However, research is scarce about the physio-biochemical responses of local landraces and modern cultivar under saline conditions. Therefore, the present experiment was designed to reveal the physio-biochemical responses of local landraces and modern cultivar under salinity stress. Five landraces (Jotai, Icheburogolghor, Morishal, Chapail, Kumro buro) and two modern cultivars (BR23 and BRRI dhan41) were subjected to 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mM NaCl treatment. The effects of salt stress on morphological parameters, proline contents, and activities of antioxidant enzymes were assessed. Salt stress reduces the morphological parameters of all tested cultivars. The Morishal and BRRI dhan41 exhibited higher growth of plant and physiological parameters than other cultivars under the highest salinity. The catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), exhibited a significant increase whereas peroxidase (POX) activity significantly declined in all the cultivars under salinity stress. Morishal and BRRI dhan41 showed the highest proline content under the maximum saline condition. These results suggest that the high tolerant landrace and modern cultivars were Morishal and BRRI dhan41 respectively. These results also suggest that Morishal and BRRI dhan41 exhibited high tolerance to salinity by enhancing proline content and antioxidant enzyme activities.

Highlights

World population is increasing day by day and it is foreseen that the increasing trend of the population going to be approximately 960 crores by 2050 [1]
Morishal and BRRI dhan41 showed the highest proline content under the maximum saline condition. These results suggest that the high tolerant landrace and modern cultivars were Morishal and BRRI dhan41 respectively. These results suggest that Morishal and BRRI dhan41 exhibited high tolerance to salinity by enhancing proline content and antioxidant enzyme activities
The presented results showed that salinity stress decreases the growth of root and shoot of the rice cultivars (Table 1 and 2, P≤0.05)

Summary

Introduction

World population is increasing day by day and it is foreseen that the increasing trend of the population going to be approximately 960 crores by 2050 [1]. It is urgent to enhance crop production by about 44 million MT/year using limited arable lands. Multiple stresses such as salinity, drought, cold, heat, UV and so on increasing tirelessly. Salinization of soil is the vital stress factor that hinders crop production. Among the stresses in the coastal areas, soil salinity appeared as a major threat that causes at least 30-50% yield loss of different crops and a 15% decrease in rice yield [2] depending on the level of salinization [3]. Several studies reported soil salinity decreased chlorophyll content [9], increased ROS [10], nutritional disorder [11] and ionic imbalance in plants [12], which contributed to significant yield loss [13]

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Conclusion