Abstract
BackgroundHigh consumption of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables reduces the endothelial damage involved in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis.ObjectiveTo evaluate the phytochemical content, antioxidant and scavenging activities (FRAP, ORAC, OH•, HOCl, H2O2, and O2−), endothelial H2O2-cytoprotective effect, nitric oxide (NO) release activation potential, and endothelial wound healing properties of 10 tropical fruits, comprising pineapple, sugar apple, papaya fruit, longan, mangosteen, lychee, langsat, mango, rambutan, and guava.DesignExperimental study. The experiments were conducted in vitro using endothelial cell line EA.hy926.ResultsThe high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of gallic acid and quercetin in all fruits, along with the overall absence of ellagic acid. Chlorogenic acid was only detected in three fruits, that is, pineapple, ripe papaya, and guava. The antioxidant and scavenging activities of all fruits were concentration-dependent. Only the H2O2 scavenging activity exhibited broad positive associations with other ROS-scavenging activities. Sugar apple and unripe papaya induced a significant reduction in H2O2-induced cell death in endothelial cells while pineapple, sugar apple, longan, and langsat activated NO release.DiscussionAll the studied tropical fruits contained bioactive phytoantioxidants with wide ranges of antioxidant capacity and scavenging activities. The endothelial functional tests were relevant to the screening for fruits that may benefit cardiovascular health. Among the four fruits that promoted endothelial wound closure, only sugar apple and unripe papaya induced cell migration and vascular capillary-like tube formation.ConclusionSugar apple and unripe papaya are potential functional fruits that can protect against oxidative cell death and enhance endothelial wound healing.
Highlights
High consumption of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables reduces the endothelial damage involved in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis
GM contained the lowest amount of Total phenolic content (TPC) at 1.18 + 0.04 mg gallic acid/g dry weight (DW) whereas the highest TPC content was found in LD at 7.90 + 0.43 mg gallic acid/g DW
The highest total antioxidant capacity was found in PG for both Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) detection methods
Summary
High consumption of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables reduces the endothelial damage involved in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. Objective: To evaluate the phytochemical content, antioxidant and scavenging activities (FRAP, ORAC, OH, HOCl, H2O2, and O2−), endothelial H2O2-cytoprotective effect, nitric oxide (NO) release activation potential, and endothelial wound healing properties of 10 tropical fruits, comprising pineapple, sugar apple, papaya fruit, longan, mangosteen, lychee, langsat, mango, rambutan, and guava. Sugar apple and unripe papaya induced a significant reduction in H2O2-induced cell death in endothelial cells while pineapple, sugar apple, longan, and langsat activated NO release. Discussion: All the studied tropical fruits contained bioactive phytoantioxidants with wide ranges of antioxidant capacity and scavenging activities. Among the four fruits that promoted endothelial wound closure, only sugar apple and unripe papaya induced cell migration and vascular capillary-like tube formation. Conclusion: Sugar apple and unripe papaya are potential functional fruits that can protect against oxidative cell death and enhance endothelial wound healing
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