Abstract
| Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, the cause of granulomatous enteritis in ruminants, has also been associated with Inflammatory Bowel disease or Crohn’s disease in human population. Present study aimed to investigate bio-presence of MAP in suspected and confirmed cases of Type 1 Diabetes in clinical samples (blood and serum) of human beings from Chattarpur district of Madhya Pradesh. Screening of 88 serum samples for the presence of MAP using ‘Indigenous ELISA’, 34 (38.6%) were positive for MAP infection. Whereas of the 71 blood samples screened, 28 (39.4%) were positive in IS900 PCR. Screening of 19 serum and 16 blood samples from 20 confirmed patients of ‘Type 1 diabetes’, 31.5 and 43.7% were positive by ‘Indigenous ELISA’ and IS900 PCR, respectively. Comparison of Indigenous ELISA and IS900 PCR revealed fair agreement between the two tests. Bio-typing of DNA of 8 positive blood samples by IS1311 PCR-RE revealed presence of ‘Indian Bison type’ biotype. Presence of MAP bacterimia in the patients suffering from Type 1 Diabetes added to the existing knowledge that MAP may provide foundation for establishing diabetes in human subjects. This is the first report of presence of MAP in human Type 1 Diabetes patients from India. ‘Indian Bison Type’ biotype in domestic livestock suggests a link and interspecies transmission through food chain.
Highlights
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infects wide variety of animals and is endemic in the domestic livestock population of the November 2014 | Volume 2 | Issue 11 | Page 612 country (Singh et al, 2010a)
Recent years witnessed a surge in cases of Type-1 Diabetes the ‘Type 1 diabetes mellitus’, a chronic disease in which insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas are selectively destroyed by T lymphocyte infiltration, in human beings
Comparative evaluation of ‘Indigenous ELISA’ with IS900 PCR showed that 14.7% human subjects were positive by ‘Indigenous ELISA kit’ as compared to IS900 PCR (20.5%)
Summary
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infects wide variety of animals and is endemic in the domestic livestock population of the November 2014 | Volume 2 | Issue 11 | Page 612 country (Singh et al, 2010a). A total of 111 human samples (88 serum and 71 blood) were collected from a ‘health camp’ organized by Gwalior Medical College at Chattarpur district of Madhya Pradesh to screen human population for diabetes and MAP infection. Indigenous ELISA Kit Human serum samples were screened by ‘Indigenous ELISA kit’ (Singh et al, 2007) for presence of MAP infection. Singh et al (2014) reported high burden of MAP in different kinds of infectious and non-infectious disease conditions e.g., diabetes, liver disorders, anemia, thyroid disorder, tuberculosis, typhoid, abdominal disorders, inflammatory illness and ion imbalance in human population from North India. The study aimed to screen human population for Type 1 Diabetes and Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in Chatarpur district of Madhya Pradesh state in India
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